Revolutionizing the Understanding of Neolithic Life in Northwest Saudi Arabia
A groundbreaking study published in the journal Levant has unveiled new archaeological evidence that is reshaping the perception of Neolithic society in northwest Saudi Arabia.
Led by Jane McMahon from the University of Sydney and conducted under the Royal Commission for AlUla (RCU), the research has uncovered a complex and sophisticated community that engaged in cattle herding, jewelry crafting, and extensive trade networks.
Discoveries at Harrat Uwayrid
The research team presented its latest findings on the archaeological investigations of standing stone circles at Harrat Uwayrid in AlUla. These structures, consisting of vertically placed stone slabs forming circles, have provided crucial insights into the architectural sophistication of the ancient inhabitants.
By examining 431 standing stone circles, researchers found evidence suggesting that these dwellings were built using wooden poles supported by stone slabs arranged in concentric rows. The discovery of tools and animal remains at the site indicates that dwelling roofs were likely made from animal hides.
Unveiling a Robust Prehistoric Economy
The analysis of animal bones from the Harrat Uwayrid site has revealed a diverse approach to animal exploitation, with evidence of reliance on both domesticated and wild animals for sustenance. Excavations have also unearthed tools linked to animal husbandry, shedding light on the ancient inhabitants’ agricultural practices.
Additionally, the discovery of arrowheads matching types from southern and eastern Jordan suggests a clear interaction between regions, highlighting the extensive trade networks of the Neolithic period.
Imported Treasures from the Red Sea
The presence of small perforated snail and seashells, likely used as decorative beads, at the sites indicates import from the Red Sea coast, 120 km away. Other artifacts such as sandstone ornaments and bracelets, as well as a piece of red sandstone chalk, further showcase the cultural richness of the region.
Building a Globally Recognized Hub for Archaeological Studies
The research team’s findings have significantly expanded our understanding of the Neolithic period in AlUla, emphasizing the region’s importance as a hub for archaeological studies. With ongoing efforts to uncover more about the diverse cultural heritage of AlUla, the RCU is dedicated to establishing itself as a global center for archaeological research.
By collaborating with experts from King Saud University, local residents, and students, the research team has paved the way for a deeper exploration of the Neolithic past in northwest Saudi Arabia.