Riyadh’s Farasan Islands’ Hareed Festival: A Glimpse into the Ancient Skill of Pearl Fishing
The recent conclusion of Farasan Islands’ Hareed festival marked the beginning of the annual pearl fishing trips, a tradition deeply ingrained in the islanders’ culture and history as a vital source of prosperity.
Exploring the Rich History of Pearl Fishing in Farasan Islands
In previous centuries, ships carried 30 to 40 islanders on pearl fishing expeditions, seeking the precious gems that were once a lucrative source of income for the local community.
The Sheikh of the Farasan Islands, Mohammed bin Hadi Al-Rajhi, shared insights into the meticulous preparations for the pearl fishing trips. Shipowners would inspect and prepare their vessels, stock sailors’ homes with supplies, and ensure adequate provisions for their families during the extended absence at sea.
Insights into the Pearl Fishing Process
Al-Rajhi, a seasoned expert in pearl fishing, highlighted the significance of the summer months for pearl diving, when it was easier to obtain pearls. The fishermen would set sail to mineral-rich areas abundant with oysters containing pearls.
Diving activities were meticulously organized, with divers using weights to descend to depths of 12 meters or more to extract pearls. Communication with assistants on the ship was essential, facilitated by ropes for both descent and ascent.
The Art of Pearl Classification
Pearl merchants like Suleiman Balaous played a crucial role in classifying pearls based on size and weight. From the prized ‘Al-Dana’ pearls to smaller varieties like ‘Al-Mazouri’ and ‘Al-Ansar,’ each gem had its own unique characteristics.
The long months of pearl diving were challenging and risky, but they also inspired the creation of folk songs like Al-Dana, reflecting the sailors’ experiences and emotions during their quest for pearls.
The Legacy of Pearl Trading in Farasan Islands
The lucrative pearl trade of former centuries left a lasting impact on the island’s culture and architecture, with influences seen in wealthy individuals’ homes and structures like the Najdi Mosque. While the trade may have faded with the rise of industrial pearls, its legacy lives on as part of the islands’ rich heritage.